All identical twins share the same pattern in their DNA, a global coalition of researchers has found, giving them insight into how the phenomenon happens and bringing them closer to finding out why.
The key is in the epigenetics of twins – the parts of a person’s genetic makeup beyond their DNA.
New research has found all identical twins share the same epigenetic pattern, providing a clue on how their cells split.
Genes are turned on and off by a process called methylation, and different methylation patterns cause genes to turn off and on in different sequences and in ways that are mostly unique to each person.
The researchers, led by scientists from the Netherlands and including colleagues from the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute in Brisbane, discovered there is a similar methylation pattern across all identical twins everywhere in the world.
QIMR’s Professor Nick Martin, who led the Australian team, said it answered a key question about what caused identical twins to form in the womb.
“The Dutch researchers had done some work comparing the genetics of identical and non-identical twins, and they had actually found some quite striking differences between them,” Professor Martin said.
“They were quite surprised by that, so they asked us to have a look and we found exactly the same pattern [in our samples].”
The research used a large sample of identical and non-identical twins from biobanks in The Netherlands, Australia, the United Kingdom and Finland, eventually identifying 834 DNA locations where the methylation was the same for identical twins.
Professor Martin said they also discovered the same pattern across young and old sets of identical twins, and from different tissue samples from the same individuals.
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September 29, 2021 at 05:58PM
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Global study discovers how identical twins occur, now to find out why - Brisbane Times
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